Hospital-Wide Inpatient Flow Optimization

Bertsimas, D and Pauphilet, J (2024) Hospital-Wide Inpatient Flow Optimization. Management Science, 70 (7). pp. 4893-4911. ISSN 0025-1909

Abstract

An ideal that supports quality and delivery of care is to have hospital operations that are coordinated and optimized across all services in real-time. As a step toward this goal, we propose a multistage adaptive robust optimization approach combined with machine learning techniques. Informed by data and predictions, our framework unifies the bed assignment process across the entire hospital and accounts for present and future inpatient flows, discharges as well as bed requests – from the emergency department, scheduled surgeries and admissions, and outside transfers. We evaluate our approach through simulations calibrated on historical data from a large academic medical center. For the 600-bed institution, our optimization model was solved in seconds, reduced off-service placement by 24% on average, and boarding delays in the emergency department and post-anesthesia units by 35% and 18% respectively. We also illustrate the benefit from using adaptive linear decision rules instead of static assignment decisions.